Mode of expression: Cartoon
Publication: LeMan
Region: Turkey
Relevant dates: 25 November 2020 – present
Outcome: Pending
Judicial body: 2nd Istanbul District Court
Type of law: Civil law
Themes: Public Morals
On 25 November 2020, the …
Mode of expression: Cartoon
Publication: Népszava
Region: Hungary
Relevant dates: 28 April 2020 – present
Outcome: Pending (case communicated to the European Court of Human Rights)
Judicial body: Budapest Metropolitan Court, Hungarian Supreme Court, ECHR
Type of law: Civil law…
Mode of expression: Advertising Campaign
Publication: Advertising hoardings and company website
Region: Lithuania, Europe
Relevant dates: September 2012 (publication); 30 January 2018 (final decision)
Outcome: ECtHR overturns fine against advertising company
Judicial body: European Court of Human Rights
Type of …
Mode of expression: Caricature
Publication: Singlesheet print, etching
Region: Great Britain
Relevant dates: 9 January 1796 (publication); late January 1796 (arrests)
Outcome: warning; prosecution abandoned
Judicial body: not applicable
Type of law: Blasphemy
Themes: Religion, Defamation, Royal Family, Satire
Mode of expression: Cartoon
Publication: Online (Twitter)
Region: South East Asia (Malaysia)
Relevant dates: October 2020 (publication of the cartoon), March 2021 (start of the investigation), August 2022 (DNAA issued)
Outcome: Fahmi Reza was discharged, but not acquitted…
Mode of expression: Photomontage and headlines
Publication: Satirical magazine Barcelona
Region: South America (Argentina)
Relevant dates: 13 August 2010 (publication); 20 December 2020 (final outcome)
Outcome: Supreme Court overturns fine against …
As discussed in the introduction to this section, public figures – and politicians in particular – are usually expected to display a higher level of tolerance to ridicule compared to ordinary, ‘private’ citizens. This principle is well exemplified by several …
Mode of expression: Cartoon
Publication: The Sunday Times
Region: South Africa
Relevant dates: 7 September 2008 (publication), 2012 (lawsuit dropped)
Outcome: Lawsuit dropped
Judicial body: High Court of South Africa
Type of law: Civil Law
Themes: Defamation / Reputation / …
Mode of expression: Parody advertisement
Publication: Pornographic magazine
Region: United States
Relevant dates: November 1983 (publication); February 1988 (Supreme Court ruling)
Outcome: Hustler magazine acquitted
Judicial body: Supreme Court of the United States
Type …
Mode of expression: Caricature
Publication: single-page image in a magazine (La Caricature), lithograph
Region: France
Relevant dates: December 1831 (publication); February 1832 (trial)
Outcome: six months imprisonment (suspended sentence); fine 500 francs
Judicial body: Tribunal de Première Instance …